The Mailian brothers were sponsors of Baku’s Opera Theatre building and the “caviar kings”

2026-11-06

The Mailian brothers were among the largest businessmen and philanthropists of the Russian Empire. It was under their patronage that the building of the State Academic Opera and Ballet Theatre in Baku was constructed.

The construction of the theatre building is associated with an interesting story. According to the account, one of the famous opera singers (whose name remains unknown) visited Baku and performed at various venues across the city. However, she refused to return to Baku, citing the absence of a proper theatre in the city. Impressed by the singer’s voice, Daniel Mailian decided to sponsor the construction of an opera house in order to bring her back to Baku. The architectural design was entrusted to Armenian architect Nikolay Bayev, who served as Baku's chief architect from 1911 to 1918. There is no denying that Baku became a truly developed city not thanks to Azerbaijanis, but through the contributions and dedication of Armenians, Russians, and the city’s other communities.

In addition to their philanthropic activities, the Mailian brothers were also involved in the oil industry and the caviar trade. Thanks to their business ventures, they were also known by the nickname “caviar kings.”

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